Scientists have developed a novel method using DNA origami to deliver fluorescent imaging agents specifically to pancreatic cancer cells, leaving healthy cells unaffected. This advancement, led by researchers at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign and Purdue University, could significantly improve tumor margin detection during surgery. The study was published in the journal Advanced Science.
The research team engineered DNA origami structures—nanoscale scaffolds made of folded DNA—to carry fluorescent dyes directly to human KRAS mutant cancer cells, which account for 95% of pancreatic cancer cases. By targeting these cells, the method offers a more precise way to distinguish cancerous tissue from healthy tissue, a critical challenge in pancreatic cancer treatment.
To test the approach, the researchers created 3D-printed “tumoroids” and microfluidic systems that mimic the tumor microenvironment, reducing reliance on animal models. They found that tube-shaped DNA origami structures, particularly those measuring 70 nanometers in length and 30 nanometers in diameter, were most effective at delivering dyes to cancer cells while sparing normal tissue.
“We were surprised by how much size and shape influenced uptake,” said lead researcher Bumsoo Han. “There’s a clear ‘sweet spot’ for maximizing precision.”
This study not only paves the way for more accurate cancer imaging but also holds promise for targeted chemotherapy delivery. Future research will explore using DNA origami to transport drugs directly to tumors, potentially revolutionizing treatment for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, one of the deadliest cancers.
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