Scientists at the Indian Institute of Science (IISc) have created an artificial nanozyme that could revolutionize the treatment of abnormal blood clotting, a life-threatening condition linked to diseases like pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) and COVID-19. Unlike conventional anti-clotting drugs, this metal-based nanomaterial mimics natural enzymes to safely regulate clotting without causing harmful side effects like excessive bleeding. The breakthrough was detailed in a recent study. The study published in Angewandte Chemie.
The nanozyme, developed by a team led by Professor G Mugesh, targets oxidative stress, a key driver of abnormal clotting. When blood vessels are injured, platelets normally form clots to prevent bleeding. However, diseases like PTE disrupt this process, triggering excessive clot formation due to toxic Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). The team’s vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) nanozyme mimics the antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase, effectively scavenging ROS and restoring balance.
In lab tests, the spherical nanozyme outperformed other shapes in preventing platelet overactivation. “Achieving the pure +5 oxidation state was critical; it’s non-toxic and highly effective,” explained Sherin GR, a lead author. Mouse trials confirmed that the nanozyme reduced clotting risks without toxicity or bleeding complications, a common issue with current drugs.
“Unlike traditional therapies, our nanozyme modulates redox signaling without disrupting normal clotting,” said Bidare N SharathBabu, another lead author. Professor Mugesh added, “Human platelet results are promising, and we’re eager to explore clinical applications for stroke prevention.”
This innovation offers a safer alternative to existing anti-clotting treatments, with potential applications in ischemic stroke and other clotting disorders. The team plans to advance toward human trials, hopeful that their nanozyme could soon save lives worldwide.
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