Scientists have developed an innovative biodegradable mulch film made from bamboo residue, designed to enhance selenium-enriched crop cultivation while improving soil health. This breakthrough, published in Research on May 12, 2025, addresses the environmental drawbacks of traditional plastic mulch films by offering a sustainable alternative that decomposes naturally and supports modern green agriculture.
The research team, led by Professors Yiqiang Wu and Zhaoshuang Li from Central South University of Forestry & Technology in China, created the mulch film using sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) derived from bamboo residues. By combining CMC with quaternized lignin (QL) and a selenium-containing cross-linking agent in polyvinyl alcohol, they produced a liquid film called PVA@CMC/QL. This film forms a protective layer on soil, retaining moisture, regulating temperature, and suppressing weeds with just 13.3% weed germination under its cover.
Key benefits of the film include improved soil temperature (0.4°C–2.1°C increase) and humidity (0.5%–2.8% increase), as well as UV-blocking properties that further inhibit weed growth. In tests with pak choi seedlings, the film promoted optimal growth, with roots and stems lengthening by 3.8 cm and 1.2 cm, respectively, and selenium content reaching 28.5 μg/kg.
Dr. Zhaoshuang Li highlighted the motivation behind the study: “Bamboo is fast-growing, renewable, and environmentally friendly. Our work unlocks its potential to replace harmful materials in agriculture.”
Dr. Yiqiang Wu added: “This film not only tackles plastic pollution but also paves the way for sustainable farming practices worldwide.”
The PVA@CMC/QL mulch film represents a significant step toward reducing plastic waste in agriculture while boosting crop yields and soil health. Future research may explore its application to other crops and climates, further advancing eco-friendly farming solutions.
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