Brazilian researchers have discovered that microalgae of the species Monoraphidium contortum can effectively remove antibiotic residues from wastewater, reducing environmental contamination. The study, published in the Biochemical Engineering Journal, highlights the potential of this natural method to address the growing issue of antibiotic pollution, which poses risks to ecosystems and human health.
The research, a collaboration between the Federal University of ABC (UFABC), the Federal University of Itajubá (UNIFEI), and the University of São Paulo (USP), focused on two key areas. First, scientists cultivated the microalgae in a photobioreactor with common antibiotics like sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim, which are frequently found in Brazilian wastewater. The microalgae removed 27% to 42% of these drugs while producing biomass suitable for biodiesel production.
On the second front, researchers sequenced the microalgae’s genome and identified a gene responsible for producing an enzyme that could degrade these pollutants. “This opens up new possibilities for bioremediation,” said Marcelo Chuei Matsudo, the study’s corresponding author.
While the findings are promising, further research is needed to test the method in real-world conditions, such as in sewage treatment plants. Conventional wastewater treatments often fail to remove antibiotics, leading to environmental contamination and the rise of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Microalgae-based solutions could offer a sustainable and cost-effective alternative to technologies like ozonation or activated carbon adsorption.
This study underscores the potential of microalgae to tackle antibiotic pollution, offering both environmental and commercial benefits. Future research will explore its practical applications, paving the way for safer and more sustainable wastewater treatment methods.
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